Where Are Angus Beef Cows From
 A bull | |
| Conservation condition |
|
|---|---|
| Other names |
|
| Nicknames | Doddies Hummlies |
| Country of origin | Scotland |
| Distribution | All inhabited continents |
| Use | Beef |
| Traits | |
| Weight |
|
| Height |
|
| Coat | Black or Red |
| Horn status | Polled |
| |
The Aberdeen Angus, sometimes simply Angus, is a Scottish brood of pocket-size beef cattle. Information technology derives from cattle native to the counties of Aberdeen, Banff, Kincardine and Angus in north-eastern Scotland.[4] : 96 In 2018 the breed accounted for over 17% of the UK beef manufacture.[5]
The Angus is naturally polled and solid black or ruby,[vi] although the udder may be white. The cattle have been exported to many countries of the world; at that place are large populations in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South America and the United States,[6] where it has adult into two separate and distinct breeds, the American Angus and Red Angus.[four] : 105 In some countries it has been bred to exist taller than the native Scottish stock.[six]
Its conservation status worldwide is "not at take chances";[1] : 143 in the United Kingdom the original Native Aberdeen Angus – cattle not influenced by cross-convenance with imported stock – is listed by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust every bit "at risk".[3]
History [edit]
Aberdeen Angus cattle accept been recorded in northward-eastern Scotland since at least the sixteenth century.[7] For some time before the 1800s, the hornless cattle in Aberdeenshire and Angus were called Angus doddies.
In 1824, William McCombie of Tillyfour, later the Member of Parliament for Due west Aberdeenshire, began to improve the stock and is regarded today as the father of the breed.[8] Many local names emerged, including doddies or hummlies.
The breed was officially recognised in 1835, and was initially registered together with the Galloway in the Polled Herd Volume.[4] : 96 A lodge was formed in 1879.[ citation needed ] The cattle became commonplace throughout the British Isles in the middle of the twentieth century.[9]
Argentine republic [edit]
Equally stated in the fourth volume of the Herd Book of the UK'southward Angus, this breed was introduced to Argentina in 1879 when "Don Carlos Guerrero" imported one bull and two cows for his Estancia "Charles" located in Juancho, Partido de General Madariaga, Provincia de Buenos Aires. The bull was born on 19 April 1878; named "Virtuoso 1626" and raised by Colonel Ferguson. The cows were named "Aunt Lee 4697" raised by J. James and "Cinderela 4968" raised by R. Walker and were both born in 1878, on 31 Jan and 23 April respectively.[10]
Australia [edit]
Angus cattle were first introduced to Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania) in the 1820s, and to the southern mainland in 1840. The breed is now plant in all Australian states and territories with 62,000 calves registered with Angus Australia in 2010.[11]
Canada [edit]
In 1876 William Chocolate-brown, a professor of agriculture and then superintendent of the experimental subcontract at Guelph, Ontario, was granted permission by the government of Ontario to purchase Aberdeen Angus cattle for the Ontario Agricultural Higher. The herd comprised a yearling bull, Gladiolus, and a cow, Eyebright, bred by the Earl of Fife and a cow, Leochel Lass 4th, bred by R.O. Farquharson. On 12 January 1877, Eyebright gave birth to a calf, sired by Sir Wilfrid. Information technology was the first to exist born exterior of Scotland. The OAC went on to import boosted bulls and cows, eventually began selling Aberdeen Angus cattle in 1881.[12]
United States [edit]
On 17 May 1873, George Grant brought four Angus bulls, without whatsoever cows, to Victoria, Kansas. These were seen as unusual as the normal American cattle consisted of Shorthorns and Longhorns, and the bulls were used only in crossbreeding. However, the farmers noticed the good qualities of these bulls and afterwards, many more cattle of both sexes were imported.
On 21 November 1883, the American Angus Association was founded in Chicago, Illinois.[14] The start herd book was published on March 1885. At this time both red and black animals were registered without distinction. All the same, in 1917 the Association barred the registering of red and other coloured animals in an effort to promote a solid blackness breed.[15]
The Red Angus Association of America was founded in 1954 by breeders of Red Angus cattle. It was formed because the breeders had had their cattle struck off the herd volume for not conforming to the inverse breed standard regarding colour.[fifteen]
Federal republic of germany [edit]
A separate breed was cross bred in Germany called the German Angus. It is a cantankerous betwixt the Angus and several different cattle such as the German Black Pied Cattle, Gelbvieh, and Fleckvieh. The cattle are usually larger than the Angus and appear in black and scarlet colours.[sixteen]
Characteristics [edit]
Considering of their native environs, the cattle are very hardy and can survive the Scottish winters, which are typically harsh, with snowfall and storms. Cows typically weigh 550 kilograms (one,210 lb) and bulls weigh 850 kilograms (1,870 lb).[17] Calves are usually born smaller than is acceptable for the market place, and then crossbreeding with dairy cattle is needed for veal production.[17] The cattle are naturally polled and blackness in color. They typically mature earlier than other native British breeds such as the Hereford or North Devon. Notwithstanding, in the middle of the 20th century a new strain of cattle chosen the Red Angus emerged.[18] [xix] The Usa does non accept Cerise Angus cattle into herd books, while the U.k. and Canada exercise.[19] Except for their colour genes, in that location is no genetic departure between blackness and red Angus, merely they are regarded as dissimilar breeds in the U.s.. However, in that location take been claims that blackness angus are more sustainable to cold weather, though unconfirmed.[19]
The cattle accept a large muscle content and are regarded as medium-sized. The meat is very popular in Nihon for its marbling qualities.[xx]
Mixed herd of Black and Red Angus
Genetic disorders [edit]
There are four recessive defects that can affect calves worldwide. A recessive defect occurs when both parents carry a recessive gene that volition affect the dogie. One in four calves will evidence the defect even when both parents carry the defective factor. The four recessive defects in the Black Angus breed that are currently managed with DNA tests are arthrogryposis multiplex (AM), referred to every bit curly calf, which lowers the mobility of joints; neuropathic hydrocephalus (NH), sometimes known as h2o head, which causes an enlarged malformed skull; contractural arachnodactyly (CA), formerly referred to by the proper name of "fawn dogie syndrome", which reduces mobility in the hips; and dwarfism, which affects the size of calves. Both parents need to comport the genes for a calf to be affected with i of these disorders.[21] [22] [23] Considering of this, the American Angus Association volition remove the carrier cattle from the breed in an effort to reduce the number of cases.[24]
Between 2008 and 2010, the American Angus Association reported worldwide recessive genetic disorders in Angus cattle. It has been shown that a pocket-sized minority of Angus cattle tin behave osteoporosis.[25] A farther defect called notomelia, a form of polymelia ("many legs") was reported in the Angus brood in 2010.[26]
Uses [edit]
The chief utilize of Angus cattle is for beefiness product and consumption. The beef can be marketed every bit superior due to its marbled appearance. This has led to many markets, including Australia, Japan and the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland to adopt information technology into the mainstream.[xx] Angus cattle can also exist used in crossbreeding to reduce the likelihood of dystocia (difficult calving), and because of their dominant polled gene, they can be used to crossbreed to create polled calves.[27]
Angus dogie with its mother
See also [edit]
- Listing of cattle breeds originating in Scotland
References [edit]
- ^ a b Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Beast Genetic Resource, addendum to The Country of the World'due south Creature Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Committee on Genetic Resources for Nutrient and Agriculture, Food and Agronomics Organisation of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Archived 23 June 2020.
- ^ a b c d eastward Breed information sheet: Aberdeen-Angus / United Kingdom of Great Uk and Northern Republic of ireland (Cattle). Domestic Animal Diversity Data System of the Nutrient and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed September 2021.
- ^ a b c Watchlist overview. Kenilworth, Warwickshire: Rare Breeds Survival Trust. Accessed September 2021.
- ^ a b c Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's Earth Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780647944.
- ^ "Aberdeen Angus set to exist UK'southward near pop beefiness brood". Farming Great britain. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ a b c Native Aberdeen Angus. Kenilworth, Warwickshire: Rare Breeds Survival Trust. Accessed September 2021.
- ^ "Britannic Rare Breeds – Angus Cattle". Britannic Rare Breeds. Archived from the original on xx June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
- ^ "Oklahoma Country University Red Angus breed profile".
- ^ "The Cattle Site – Angus Breeds". The Cattle Site . Retrieved 25 June 2015.
- ^ Historia de la Cabaña Charles de Guerrero, criadora de Angus desde 1879 Archived 8 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as championship (link) - ^ "First Herd of Aberdeen-Angus Established past OAC in 1876". Kitchener-Waterloo Tape (Microfilm). half-dozen March 1954. p. 2.
- ^ American Angus Association. "Angus History". angus.org. Archived from the original on 24 September 2006. Retrieved two October 2006.
- ^ a b Cherry-red Angus Association of America. "History of Cherry-red Angus". redangus.org. Archived from the original on 24 September 2006. Retrieved ii October 2006.
- ^ "German Angus cattle information". Interboves . Retrieved 10 August 2015.
- ^ a b RBST. "Aberdeen Angus (Native)". Factsheet. Kenilworth, Warwickshire: Rare Breeds Survival Trust. Archived from the original on 30 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
- ^ "Encyclopædia Britannica – Cattle Breeds". Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 25 June 2015.
- ^ a b c "Red Angus History" (PDF). p. 2. Retrieved 2 Baronial 2015.
- ^ a b "New South Wales Agriculture – Angus cattle". Archived from the original on 24 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
- ^ Denholm, Laurence. "Built contractural arachnodactyly ('fawn dogie syndrome') in Angus cattle" (PDF). NSW Section of Trade and Investment PrimeFact 1015 May 2010.
- ^ Vidler, Adam, Defects on rise as gene pool drains, p. 63, The Land, Rural Printing, Due north Richmond, NSW
- ^ Some other genetic defect affects Angus cattle Retrieved on 29 May
- ^ "American Angus Association". Angus.org. Archived from the original on 28 May 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
- ^ Whitlock, Brian M. "Heritable Birth Defects in Angus Cattle" (PDF). Appliedreprostrategies.com. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ "Denholm L et al(2010) Polymelia (supernumerary limbs) in Angus calves".
- ^ "Angus". Cattle Today. Archived from the original on 17 October 2006. Retrieved 29 October 2006.
External links [edit]
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Media related to Angus cattle at Wikimedia Commons
rogersninespere1969.blogspot.com
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberdeen_Angus
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